The United States brings this action under 42 U.S.C.” § 14141 to remedy a pattern or practice of conduct by law enforcement officers of the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police that deprives persons of rights, privileges, and immunities secured and protected by the Constitution and laws of the United States. The City of Pittsburgh, the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police, and the Department of Public Safety have engaged in a pattern or practice of subjecting individuals to uses of excessive force, false arrests, and improper searches and seizures. The defendants have tolerated this conduct through their failure to supervise, train, investigate, and discipline police officers adequately.